If you know what to expect, the process for evaluating ADHD isn’t confusing or scary.
There is no single medical, physical, or genetic test to diagnose ADHD. A diagnostic evaluation is provided by a qualified mental health care professional or physician who gathers information from multiple sources, as ADHD cannot be diagnosed accurately just from brief office observations or simply by talking to the person, as the person may not always exhibit the symptoms of ADHD during the office visit, and the diagnostician needs to take a thorough history of the individual’s life, as it must include consideration of the possible presence of co-occurring conditions.
ADHD looks different in every person, so there is a wide array of criteria to help health professionals reach a diagnosis. Screening usually involves several steps, including:
1. Administer ADHD tests, such as symptom checklists and attention-span tests.
2. Interviews or questionnaires with people who interact regularly with your child. These may include family members, teachers, coaches, and babysitters. Talk to family members or someone close to you about your symptoms.
3. A physical exam to find out if a different type of disorder is causing symptoms. as many other problems, like sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, and certain types of learning disabilities, can have similar symptoms. Give you a medical exam to rule out other physical causes for the symptom
4. Psychological tests. These tests measure thinking and intelligence.
5. Behavioral tests. These are written tests designed to measure a child's behavior compared with the behavior of other children the same age.
6. An interview. You or your child will be asked about behavior and activity level:
- How severe are the symptoms? To be diagnosed with ADHD, the symptoms must have a negative impact on you or your child’s life. In general, people who truly have ADHD have major problems in one or more areas of their life, such as their career, finances, or family responsibilities.
- When did the symptoms start? Since ADHD starts in childhood, the doctor or therapist will look at how early the symptoms appeared. If you are an adult, can you trace the symptoms back to your childhood?
- How long have the symptoms been bothering you or your child? Symptoms must have been going on for at least 6 months before ADHD can be diagnosed. Ask you about your symptoms, including how long they’ve been bothering you and any problems they’ve caused in the past.
- When and where do the symptoms appear? The symptoms of ADHD must be present in multiple settings, such as at home and school. If the symptoms only appear in one environment, it is unlikely that ADHD is to blame.
It is important to be open and honest with the specialist conducting your evaluation so that they can reach the most accurate conclusion.
It’s normal to feel upset or intimidated by a diagnosis of ADHD. It may feel like a label, but it may be more helpful to think of it as an explanation. The diagnosis explains why you may have struggled with life skills such as paying attention, following directions, listening closely, organization—things that seem to come easily to other people. It doesn’t have to slow you down, but it can help to not treat your difficulties as your own shortcomings. In this sense, getting a diagnosis can be a relief.
Getting a diagnosis is the first step toward making life better. You can rest easier knowing that it wasn’t laziness or a lack of intelligence standing in your or your child’s way, but rather a disorder that you can learn how to manage. While there is no cure for ADHD, early treatments can help reduce symptoms and improve daily functioning. Getting treatment means taking control of symptoms and feeling more confident in every area of life.
Treatment usually includes a combination of medicine, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes.
If you or your child is diagnosed with ADHD, don’t wait to start treatment. The earlier you begin tackling the symptoms, the better. Managing ADHD takes work. Also keep in mind that an ADHD diagnosis is not a sentence for a lifetime of suffering. Some people have only mild symptoms, while others experience more pervasive problems. But regardless of where you or your child land on this spectrum, there are many steps you can take to manage your symptoms.
→ ADHD is treatable. Don’t give up hope. With the right treatment and support, you or your child will be able to get the symptoms of ADHD under control and build the life that you want.
→ Treatment is your own responsibility. It’s up to you to take action to manage the symptoms of ADHD. Health professionals can help, but ultimately, the responsibility lies in your own hands.
→ Learning all you can about ADHD is key. Understanding the disorder will help you make informed decisions about all aspects of your or your child’s life and treatment.
→ Support makes all the difference. While treatment is up to you, support from others can help you stay motivated and get you through tough times.